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Zura Bitiyeva
Zura Bitiyeva (1948–May 21, 2003) (also transliterated as Bitieva) was a locally well-known Chechen human rights activist who was extrajudicially executed by what is assumed to be a Russian government death squad in 2003 after she complained to the European Court of Human Rights of ill treatment during an earlier illegal detention. Three other members of her immediate family were also killed in the same attack.
Bitiyeva's was not an isolated case and many people in Chechnya who have submitted cases of serious human rights violations to the ECHR have been also subjected to reprisals, including being killed or forcibly disappeared.〔
==Life==
Bitiyeva was born in 1948 in Kazakhstan during the forced exile of the entire Chechen nation. Later she returned to Chechnya, settling in the village of Kalinovskaya (Kalinovskaia). During the First Chechen War, she was actively involved in anti-war protests. In February 2000, during the Second Chechen War, she and her son Idris were arbitrarily detained by the Russian forces and taken to the unofficial detention centre known as Chernokozovo, a "filtration camp" infamous of torture, rape and other abuses.〔("Welcome to Hell": Arbitrary Detention, Torture, and Extortion in Chechnya ), Human Rights Watch, October 2000〕 When she has arrived at Chernokozovo, the guards told her she would "never leave alive." Bitiyeva, who tried to defend other prisoners, went on hunger strike and was released in a very ill condition. Her friends helped her go to Turkey, but once her health was slightly better, she went back to Chechnya and began collecting evidence of crimes committed against civilian population of the republic, submitting it to United Nations and international human rights organizations. In February 2003, Bitiyeva had been part of the group of women that demanded the opening of a mass grave site discovered near the settlement of Kapustino. She also worked with the Russian NGO Committee of Soldiers' Mothers.〔(Political Crime in the Kalinovskaia settlement ), Memorial, 26 May 2003〕〔(Heroes not of our time ), Prague Watchdog, 22 July 2009〕〔(Update on European Court of Human Rights Judgments against Russia regarding Cases from Chechnya ), Human Rights Watch, 20 March 2009〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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